Gupta administration (Class 6)

History (Ch-12) Gupta administration

I. Answer the following questions in short:

1. Who was the founder of Gupta dynasty?

= Chandragupta I

2. Who is called the 'Indian Napoleon'?

= Samudragupta in Gupta dynasty is known chiefly for his numerous military campaigns.

3. What was the capital of Gupta empire?

= city of Pataliputra

4. Who is the famous ruler of Gupta?

= Chandra Gupta I

5. Who expanded the Gupta empire?

= Samudragupta

6. Who ruled India before Gupta dynasty?

= The Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE)

7. Who is the most powerful Gupta ruler?

= Samudragupta

8. Who defeated Gupta empire?

= The Huna People, also known as Huns.

9. What is Gupta religion?

= During the Gupta empire—from about 320 to 550 CE—emperors used Hinduism.

10. Who assumed the title of Maharajadhiraja (great king of kings).

= Chandra Gupta I

II. Answer the following questions:

1. Write about the Gupta administration.

= The Guptas were able administrators. The empire was divided into 'Bhuktis' which was further divided into 'Vishayas' and Vishayas into 'peth'. 

 For local administration, the rural areas were governed by village headmen, while the urban areas were governed by a council consisting of the head of the city corporation. The Gupta administration was decentralised.

2. Describe the development in the field of art and architecture during the Gupta period.

= Art and architecture flourished during the Gupta period. In the field of sculpture, great progress was made under the guptas. A large number of images and sculptures at Sarnath depict the Buddha's life. Numerous temples like Shiva temple at Bhumra, Vishnu temple at Tigawan, Parvati temple at nachnakuthara were constructed.

 3. Who was Fa-Hien? What does he tell us about the Gupta period?

= Fa- Hien was a Chinese pilgrim and a great Buddhist scholar, wrote vivid accounts of the prosperity of Magadha, beneficent and efficient rulers etc.

The Guptas were benevolent and efficient rulers. They undertook many welfare programmes. There were rest houses along the various routes. The roads were well maintained. The people were law abiding and honest.most of them were vegetarians. The rulers gave liberal grants to Buddhists and Brahmans.

4. Why is the Gupta period called the 'Golden Age of Ancient India'?

= The Gupta age is known as the Golden age in Indian History because: 

(i) The Gupta age is called the Golden Age of Indian history because art, culture and literature flourished in this period.

(ii) Gupta rulers were patrons of art and literature. For example, Samudragupta was represented on his coins playing the vina and Chandragupta II is credited with maintaining in his court nine luminaries.

(iii) During the Gupta age images of Lord Buddha were made at Sarnath and Mathura, but the finest examples of Buddhist art in the Gupta period are the Ajanta paintings. 

(iv) The Gupta age is remarkable for the production of an extensive literature. For example, Kalidasa was the greatest poet of classical Sanskrit literature and wrote Abhijnanashakuntalam. The two great epics the Ramayana and the Mahabharata were completed by the fourth century AD.

5. Why is Chandragupta II considered the greatest ruler of the Gupta dynasty?

= Fa-Hien’s account forms the historical source of information about Chandragupta II. Chandragupta II was a great conqueror. His greatest achievement was to destroy the power of the Shaka from Malwa, Gujarat and Saurashtra permanently. He gained control over three important parts of Bharuch, Cambay and Sopara. He also assumed the title Shakari or the conqueror of the Shakas. He had at his court, the famous Navaratnas, the most learned men of his time. Poet Kalidasa was one of them. He was a great patron of art and literature.

6. Why did the Gupta empire fall?

= i. Chandragupta II was successful in retaliating against the Huns and the Pushyamitras, but his empire was drained of finances and resources because of this.

ii. Internal fighting and dissensions among the royal family led to its weakening.

iii. Independent rulers emerged all over the north like Yasodharman of Malwa, the Maukharis of U.P., the Maitrakas in Saurashtra, and others in Bengal. The Gupta Empire was restricted to Magadha only.

iv. So weak rulers along with incessant invasions from foreign as well as native rulers caused the decline of the Gupta Empire.

UNITED NATION (Class 5) question answers solution

 Civics (United Nations)

I. Multiple choice questions:

1. The second World war started in- (a) 1939

2. The U.N. Day is observed on- (a) Oct. 24

3. In the beginning how many members were there in U.N.?    (b) 51

4. December 10th is observed as:  (c) Human rights day

5. At present how many members are there in U.N.?

(b) 193

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The European countries purchased raw materials from the backward countries at very heavy prices.

2. The two Japanese cities destroyed by atom bombs where Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

3. The UN was formed in 1945 .

4. The UN headquarters is at Manhattan in New York city.

5. The United Nations made a declaration of human rights.

III. Answer the following questions:

1. How did European countries earn big wealth?

= European countries were only able to build machines and produce goods in large quantities. They purchased raw materials at very low price from backward countries and sold finished goods at heavy price to them. Thus, they earned huge profits and become very rich.

2. Why did the European countries fight against each other? 

= After industrialisation European countries become rich. Their growing wealth made them jealous of one another. so, they start fighting against each other.

3. What is world war?

= A world war is "a war engaged in by all or most of the principal nations of the world".

4. When and why the United Nations was set up?

= The United Nations is an international organization formed in 1945 after the Second World War by peace loving countries to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.

5. Write three important objectives of UN.

= i. To maintain international peace and security by avoiding every kind of war- big or small.

ii. To develop friendly relations and cooperation among the Nations of the world.

iii. To promote respect for human rights and human freedom all over the world and protect them.

6. Write down four important human rights.

= • Claim rights and liberty rights.

  • Individual and group rights.

  • Natural rights and legal rights.

  • Negative and positive rights.

7. Write down five present problems in the world.

= The basic problems of the world peace and security are still there. Other problems are illiteracy, poverty, poor health and population explosion.

8. What are the main organ of united nation?

= The Main Organs of the United Nations

a. The General Assembly. 

b. The Security Council. 

c. The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) 

d. The Secretariat. 

e. The International Court of Justice. 

f. The Trusteeship Council.

9. What is the work of the Security council?

= The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has the power to recommend the admission of new Members.

10. Which five countries of the world are permanent members of the security council?

= United States, United Kingdom, Russia, France and china are permanent members of the security council.

11. What are the functions of the General Assembly?

= Consider and approve the United Nations budget and establish the financial assessments of Member States. Elect the non-permanent members of the Security Council and the members of other United Nations councils. Appoint the Secretary-General;

Make recommendations for the peaceful settlement of any situation that might impair friendly relations among countries.

12. What does UNICEF do?

= UNICEF is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to advocate for the protection of children's rights, to help meet their basic needs and to expand their opportunities to reach their full potential.

13. What is the main aim of UNESCO?

= The main aim of UNESCO are-

a. Access to quality education for everyone.

b. Actively provide the knowledge of science and policies for sustainable development.

c. Addressing the challenges, whether it be social or ethical.

d. Attempting to build a culture of peace in diversity and intercultural dialogue of harmony.

e. Establishing knowledge societies with the help of information and communication.

14. How does WHO help the Nations? 

= a. To coordinate and oversee the procurement of health services.

b. Raise awareness of the extent of illness, suffering and death among mothers and children, and its impact on health as well as social and economic development.

c. To create an interface between the developed and developing nations when pertaining to health issues.

15. Write down three achievements of the United Nations?

= a. The UNO has solved many international disputes and preserves peace in the world through peaceful negotiations.

b. It has signed many Nuclear Test Ban treaties like NTBT in 1963 and CTBT in 1996.

 c. UN has conducted the conference of environment and development at Rio de Janeiro in 1992.

d. The UNO established the International Research and Training Institute for women.

16. How has India helped the United Nations?

= Many Indian experts have worked in other countries for the United Nations Agencies. We have received people from other countries to train them. Whenever the United Nations required soldiers for its UNPKF, India has readily sent them. India has provided useful solutions to many problems of UN.

17. What does UNESCO do for India?

= The UNESCO has played an important role in the development of human rights education in India. UNESCO help to give advanced training to our students and offices in new fields.

18. What is apartheid?

= The racial discrimination practiced by the whites in South Africa against the blacks was called apartheid.

19. What resolution did India get passed in 1960 in the United Nations?

= In 1960, India got a resolution for freedom passed in the United Nations. The resolution demanded that all countries slaved by other countries should be granted independence.

20. What is non-alignment? What are the problems faced by the non-aligned countries today?

= Non-alignment is a policy adopted by India and other countries of not joining either of the two power blocs (USA and USSR) and having their own foreign policy without the interference of superpowers.

i) They do not get support for Wars . 

ii) They do not get any types of help such as expenditure, borrow from other countries.

iii) They are separated from other countries who are in aligned.

21. What did India rise its voice in the United Nations for?

= India has always raised its voice against injustice taking place anywhere in the world.

Civics Test (United Nations)

I. Answer the following: (5)

1. The second World war started in-   

2. The U.N. Day is observed on-

3. In the beginning how many members were there in U.N.?

4. December 10th is observed as:   

5. At present how many members are there in U.N.?

II. Fill in the blanks:. (5)

1. The European countries purchased raw materials from the backward countries at very ___________ prices.

2. The two Japanese cities destroyed by atom bombs where Hiroshima and ____________.

3. The UN was formed in ___________ .

4. The UN headquarters is at ___________ in New York city.

5. The United Nations made a ___________ of human rights.

V. Answer the following questions: (2×5=10)

1. How did European countries earn big wealth?

2. Why did the European countries fight against each other? 

3. When and why the United Nations was set up?

4. What is world war?

5. Write three important objectives of UN.